The Effects Of Television Violence On Today s Society

Aside from video games, there is a multitude of media that today’s youth is exposed to every day. Such media includes social media websites such as Twitter and Instagram, movies, television, and news broadcasting programs. Television, however, plays arguably the largest role in influencing adolescents in today’s society. According to Marina Krcmar and Kathryn Green, â€Å"Viewing of violent television and interest in television violence has been linked to a host of antisocial behaviors such as increased aggression, decreased sensitivity to violence and the suffering experienced by the victims of violence, and an increased sense of fear and helplessness† (Krcmar 195). This means that after long-term exposure to violence on television, people essentially become desensitized to violent and gruesome acts. This can lead to a decreased feeling of empathy for a real-life victim and an increased feeling of helplessness in a real-life situation of violence. If one is dese nsitized to violence, the odds immediately become more likely that one will not see any consequences for committing violent actions in the real world. Aside from committing violent acts, this form of media exposure can also encourage â€Å"risk-taking behaviors.† â€Å"Risk-taking is the tendency to engage in behaviors that threaten or harm and individual’s physical or mental health†¦ [and] poses an actual threat to the individual engaging in the activity† (Krcmar 196). Krcmar is saying that not only does the risky behaviorShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Television Violence On Children1735 Words   |  7 Pageswatches approximately 23 hours of television weekly. Children spend more time watching TV than doing any other leisure activity. By the time they finish high school, most have spent more time in front of the TV than in the classroom (Strasburger, 1995). On average, a child will see 18,000 murders, robberies, bombings, assaults, and beatings in their years of watching television (Liebowitz, 1997). Not to mention all the food commercials. In today s society, the television is used for more than just entertainmentRead More Psychology Of Television Essay923 Words   |  4 Pages Psychology of Television nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Today many people think that television is the cause of violence in todayamp;#8217;s youth. Many have pondered that television disturbs traditions as well as interferes with the minds of adolecened children who can not yet comprehend the truth of fiction and reality. Thus television has become a widely talked about controversy, mainly because of the fatal incidents that have been occurring during the past couple of years. Questions are beingRead MoreViolence And Sex On Television898 Words   |  4 Pages Violence and Sex on Television: Effects on the Younger Audience In today’s society, the media is used greatly for communication, advertisement, information, and for numerous other reasons. The world has evolved by technological advances as well as by the type of content that is put out on the internet, radio, and especially on television. In particular, violence and sex are two of the most controversial content types that have been recently used loosely in the present as compared to theRead MoreThe Effects Of Television Violence On Our Society1566 Words   |  7 Pagesa variety of problems today, with violence being at the top of the list, you go anywhere and that is all you here about. Unfortunately it’s in front-page headlines of the newspaper and broadcasted on the news as top stories. Violence is a very big topic, although it is categorized into many small groups. There is juvenile violence, domestic violence, hate violence, terrorist violence, and violence displaced through various forms of the media. This research will be on violence in the media and doesRead MoreMass Media Is An Integral Part Of Everyday Life989 Words   |  4 PagesMass media is an integral part of everyday life. Society depends on the various forms of media for information, education, and personal entertainment. Mass media positively and negatively influences beliefs, values, and expands knowledge to bring awareness to various social events. Media also impacts the way children and adolescences understanding of violence, racism, suicide, aggression, and sexual stereotyping. If viewing these portrayals is accepted, then mass media does in fact negativelyRead MoreWhatever Hapenned to Morality and Values on Television1206 Words   |  5 Pagesplopped down on the couch and picked up my television remote. When I turned on the television I arrived just in time to witness a man being violently shot in the head as a product of a drive by shooting. To my dissatisfaction, I quickly changed the channel to the supposedly child friendly Cartoon Network to view a more decent program. Unfortunately, not even Cartoon Network could save me from the hideous and gruesome truth of the society need for violence. The creatures on the cartoon steadily continuedRead MoreOur Changing Society865 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the years our society has gotten considerably worse. Many factors in the modern day has had a part in the negativity in the world. Our music has become everything about drug life, sex life and thug life. Not only has music impacted our change, but the increase in violence has affected it. Violence can become an after effect due to what is on TV and cemented into our brains. People have lost all knowledge of common sense. The last factor that makes our society ugly is the rate in bullyingRead MoreViolence in the Media Essays684 Words   |  3 Pagespopular pastimes in America today (Inventors). Philo T. Farnsworth was the true inventor of television in 1927. He had no idea that thirty-five years later h is inventions would not only be in ninety percent of Americans homes, but also strongly effect everyone that watched it. Following the introduction of television into the United States, the annual homicide rate increased by ninety-three percent(Journal of the American Medical Association). With the invention of television came the job of broadcastingRead MoreCrime, Violence and Masculinity1541 Words   |  7 Pagescombine forces to reduce interpersonal violence in the West? Violence is a difficult term to define, but for the purposes of this assignment violence can be defined as a crime or the threat to commit a crime by one person upon another person, and that usually that has negative physical or emotional effects upon the victim. Violence in Western society has been increasing steadily and has become a major concern for many nations. Increasingly, much of the violence is committed by male children and teenagersRead MoreEssay about The Negative Effect of Television on American Children988 Words   |  4 Pageschildren’s exposure to television which has resulted in a shortened attention span during other activities. Today, children are less active because of technology such as television and video gaming and, as a result more children are suffering from obesity. Television has been in American Society since 1920’s and has gradually been spreading around the world. Television is like a drug in American Society, it is addictive to all ages including children. It has the most effect on children that are young

The Theory Of Personality Psychology - 1019 Words

Have you ever met a person who was not like you at all? It’s ironic how a person personality is shaped. Personality is included in basically everyday life. Personality defines a person. Personality is like a big stew mixed with emotions, behaviors, and patterns of thought that truly define a person. Personality Psychology is the study of these different patterns among a group of people or culture. The studies of psychology started from Hippocrates’ theory that argues that personality traits are based on four different sections. This heavily influenced modern personality psychology. Three important psychologists helped shape the way humans define the term personality. Alfred Adler is one of these psychologists. Alder had a tendency to change his theory on personality throughout his life, but he believed that people are focused on maintaining control over their lives. He believed in single drive or motivating force behind our behavior, claiming that the desire we have to fulfill our potentials becomes closer and closer to our ideals. Alder called this theory Individual Psychology because he felt each person was different, and no previous theory actually applied to all people. Adler s theory included these four aspects: the development of personality, striving towards superiority, psychological health, and the unity of personality. Many psychologists accepted Alfred s popular idea of self-realization. In studying personality, Alfred came up with the term inferiority complex.Show MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Personality Psychology1292 Words   |  6 Pages Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the differences between peopleâ⠂¬â„¢s behaviors in terms of patterns, cognitions, and emotion. Personality psychology has been around for centuries, since Hippocrates’ Four Humors. Personality psychology has taken on many forms and has continued to develop throughout the centuries. Personality psychology is also developed with and from other fields of psychology like child development, behavioral, cognitive, and few others. PersonalityRead MoreTheories Of Personality And Psychology1382 Words   |  6 PagesStudent: Nisaa Kirtman PSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 3 (DEBATE EXISTENCE OF THE UNCONSCIOUS) Faculty Use Only Debate on Psychoanalysis vs. Behaviorism: Freud and Skinner Moderator: Good evening, and welcome to the Northcentral University?s debate on psychanalysis versus behaviorism. My name is Nisaa Kirtman and I am from the Department of Psychology. It?s an honor to be the moderator of tonight?s debate. The topicRead MorePsychology : Theories Of Personality1577 Words   |  7 PagesUNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Student: Nisaa Kirtman PSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 4 (ANALYZE THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING PERSONALITY) Faculty Use Only The Humanistic Approach to Understanding Personality In the 1950?s, the field of psychology was dominated mainly by two schools of thought: psychoanalytic theory (the unconscious mind and unconscious motivations that shape human behavior), and behaviorismRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Psychology922 Words   |  4 Pagesquite understand â€Å"(Freidman, 2012, p. 17). This is the struggle that personality psychology tries to understand, how and to what extent the unconscious forces plays a role in human behavior. It is believed that people are responsible for their own actions. There is a continuous struggle with personality psychology and the comprehension of and to what extent unconscious forces play in human behavior. â€Å"Meeting of two personalities is like the contact of two chemical substances; if there is any reactionRead MorePsychology : Theories Of Personality780 Words   |  4 Pages Phillip Easley Psychology 4130: Theories of Personality October 15, 2015 Arthur D. Kemp, Ph.D., M.S. Associate Professor of Psychology Science Albert Ellis Albert Ellis was a known as a 20th century psychologist who developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. â€Å"Ellis was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in the 1913† (â€Å"Albert Ellis (1913-2007),† 2015). He was also known to have a distant relationship with parents. Ellis attended the City College of Downtown New York obtainingRead MoreEssay on Psychology: Personality Theories1715 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction: What is Personality? Allport defines personality as ‘the dynamic organisation within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his unique adjustment to his environment’ (Allport, 1937). An individual’s unique personality traits and attributes are a powerful indicator of how he/she will interact with the work environment. The difference between average and outstanding employees can often be solely personality related. As the employee is the most valuable asset toRead MoreTheories Of Personality And Social Psychology3265 Words   |  14 PagesCLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY Signature assignment: Explore future directions for personality theory and research in social psychology Apologies it is slightly late. I’ve been trying to upload this and even attach as an email. I’ve had to use an entirely different computer to do this. Faculty Use Only Future directions for personality theory and research in social psychology Introduction and overview of personality in social psychology Social psychologyRead MoreThe Theory Of Psychology And Personality Development1802 Words   |  8 Pages Personality Report There are many theorists that have made psychology incredible, and have paved the way for what we believe psychology to consist of today. Some important theorists that I believe have made a huge contribution are Sigmund Freud, Karen Horney, and Dollard and Miller. These theorists have all had their own view on personality development, and I believe that these ideas have shaped the way in which we view psychology today. The many interpretations of conflict, psychotherapy, and culturalRead MoreThe Theory Of Psychology And Personality Development1802 Words   |  8 PagesPersonality Report There are many theorists that have made psychology incredible, and have paved the way for what we believe psychology to consist of today. Some important theorists that I believe have made a huge contribution are Sigmund Freud, Karen Horney, and Dollard and Miller. These theorists have all had their own view on personality development, and I believe that these ideas have shaped the way in which we view psychology today. The many interpretations of conflict, psychotherapy, and culturalRead MoreThe Personality Theory Of Adler s Individual Psychology Theory1436 Words   |  6 PagesI. Theory Description The personality theory that I have chosen as best identifying with my personality and beliefs is Adler’s Individual Psychology theory (Friedman Schustack, 2012). Adler based his theory on the belief that individuals placed varying degrees of importance in different aspects of social and individual motivations such as an ideal goal. He used the term finalism to describe his idea that individuals all have an ultimate goal that they strive to become. The goal is subjective to

Interpreting Poetic Shadows The Gloss of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Essay Example For Students

Interpreting Poetic Shadows: The Gloss of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Essay The margins of the text where the reader annotates . . . are literally the workship in which the reading of the text be comes an understanding of that text through the use of words; analogously, these textual margins are the margins of the readers mind where the mind confronts inscriptions and signs and makes meaning out of these signs. —Timothy Corrigan The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a poem riddled with shad ows: spirits, spectres, irresolvable mysteries; it stands as the realiza tion of Coleridges aim to write about the supernatural, to spark a human interest and semblance of truth sufficient to procure for these shadows of imagination a willing suspension of disbelief.1 The actual language of the Mariners narration contributes to this sense of mystery. In Biographia Literaria Coleridge notes a chasm existing be tween language and experience that could cause this obscurity; he remarks that human experiences are reported only through the im perfect translation of lifeless and sightless notions. Perhaps, in a great part, through words which are but the shadow of notions (p. 140). If language is already at a remove from experience, then the poems creation of two interacting languages, verse and gloss, complicates further this idea of a shadowy reality. Certainly the Mariners tale seems a shadowy translation of an event; yet this s hadow is again fil tered through a set of narrative frames, a plurality of voices created within the very structure of the work. The narrators re-telling of the Mariners tale and the gloss on the entire poem create a set of re moves, a layering of shadows, which cloud the notion of an originary (through supernatural) language-free experience. The doubled form of the poem, that of verse and gloss, creates a labyrinthine reading experience which accentuates the act of interpre tation by probing the problematical relationship between not only discourse and experience, but also between interacting discourses as critiques of one another. The one test of poetry, Coleridge tells us, is its untranslatableness into words of the same language without in   jury to the meaning (BL, p. 263). The inscription of an interpretation within the poem, a marginal translation or commentary, demon strates and unsettles this notion of language; it exposes the pull to ward closure inherent within the interpretative act. I would like to argue that the tension in the poem between verse and gloss initiates the reader into an understanding of the chasm which necessarily in habits/inhibits interpretation, then erodes the distinction between in terpretation and poetry by revealing that all language is exegesis, is previously inscribed. The reader discovers through the shifting of boundaries in the poem not only a suspension of disbelief, but also a suspension of the reading experience which attempts to frame the poem, to render whole or opaque a textual shadow. Coleridge republished the poem with added gloss in 1817, nine teen years after i ts original publication in Lyrical Ballads, to counter criticism that the poem was obscure and lacked a clear narrative glue; initially it was critically received as a summary of the poem.2 David Pirie, however, condemns the gloss as the feeble literary joke of an ageing and conservative Coleridge, noting that the revision is Cole ridges reactionary attempt to reshape his nineteen-year old poem in a Christian mold; the result, Pirie concludes, is a gloss that lies: The most serious attempt to distract the reader from the poem in the Sibylline Leaves version is of course the addition in the margin of the ageing Coleridges own interpretation of his poem. Partly just a feeble literary joke, this must have always been intended to confuse the unwary as indeed it continues to do. . . . The marginalia turn the speaker into a specimen. Worse, they lie. It is clearly not true, nor ever could be, that the curse is finally expiated and the very real creature that the mariners fed on biscuit-worms cannot be- come a pious bird of good omen without being ludicrous. To tell the reader in the margin that it is a good omen, when the succeeding stanzas demonstrate how impossible it is until too late to tell whether it is of good or bad omen, is to make nonsense of the poem at its very core. According to Pirie, the gloss to the Ancient Mariner reverses the traditional role of a gloss as that which unearths, makes clear the in terior meaning of the text; instead, he argues, it subverts the true meaning of the poem. Thus his edition of the poem omits this au thorial mistake, printing only the verse, sans marginal gloss. Other recent critics also see the gloss as a revision of, rather than a clarifica tion of the verse; the gloss is commonly read as a new perspective that mirrors the readers interpretative abilities.4 Reacting against crit ics such as Pirie who see the gloss as detracting from the poem, David Simpson in Irony and Authority, suggests that the gloss is part of a hermeneutic exercise demonstrating a reductive reading; it stands as a conscious albeit gentle parody of the habit of overinscription and reductive explanation which the poem undoubtedly atttracted in its first readers. If the gloss is a false distracting apparatus, how ever, or the emblem of multiple perspective imbedded in the work, then how does the reader literally maneuver around this apparatus in reading and making meaning out of the poem? .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 , .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .postImageUrl , .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 , .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:hover , .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:visited , .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:active { border:0!important; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:active , .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49 .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7734f84dc73d4598d5011c06ed535e49:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Art And Architecture In Ancient Times EssayMy emphasis on the reader corresponds with Coleridges own methods in literary criticism and scriptural exegesis; he frequently ex amined the role of the reader in producing the meaning of a work, depicting the text as process rather than a static form.6 The imagina tion, he argues, which half-creates the external world also creates the text. Coleridge reverences the energy expended in this task of read ing-creating, but warns that this necessitates that the reader risk him herself. The reader, he argues who would follow a close reasoner to the summit and absolute principle of any one important subject has chosen a chamois-hunter f or his guide. Our guide will, indeed, take us the shortest way, will save us many a wearisome and perilous wandering. . . . But he cannot carry us on his shoulders. We must strain our sinews, as he has strained his; and make firm footing on the smooth rock for ourselves, by the blood of toil from our own feet.7 The degree of difficulty within the process of reading, then, is privileged as an important standard by which a poem is judged. Coleridge maintains that the grandest efforts of poetry are when the imagination is called forth, not to produce a distinct form, but a strong working of the mind.8 Commenting on Shakespeares Venus and Adonis, he notes, You seem to be told nothing, but to see and hear everything; there is a perpetual activity of attention required on the part of the reader(BL, p. 177). The perpetual activity which is re quired of the reader makes suspect the facility of a gloss. Given Cole ridges emphasis on a strong working of the imagination, perhaps the gloss func tions to tear down form, to erase structure. Formless ness becomes that which allows the inclusion of the active reader. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner foregrounds interpretation by the inclusion of the gloss which does indeed confound the poetic struc- ture. This in turn, inscribes an active reading process within the poem, a path of perilous wandering.does it work within the poem itself? In many instances, the   Within this reading process, how do we assimilate a gloss? How does it work within the poem itself? In many instances, the gloss flat tens poetic language into the discursive as words of action become description. The gloss subverts the energy required by the reader by providing a digested form of verse, a point most evident by the gloss on lines 24-28. The verse states: The sun came up upon the left, Out of the Sea came he, And he shone bright, and on the right When down into the Sea.’ The gloss counters: The Mariner tells how the ship sailed South ward. Certainly the reader can easily map out right and left to un derstand that the ship is traveling south, but this process of mapping out disappears with the aid of the gloss. Figurative language is iiteral ized. Likewise when the Mariner returns from his voyage, he rejoices at the sight of his homeland. The emotion which powers the verse, O! Dream of Joy! is lost in the words, And the Mariner beholdeth his native country (BL, p. 464). Instead of clarification, the gloss re duces the activity of the poem. This reduction suggests, as David Simpson has noted, that the poet is playfully scolding a certain type of reader. In Shakespearean Criti cism, Coleridge points out four types of reader, two of which are: (1) Sponges who absorb all they read and return it nearly in the same state, only a little dirtied. (2) Strainbags, who merely return the dregs of what they read.10 On one level, the gloss does return the dregs of the verse, the action minus its emotional impact. When the gloss, A Flash of Joy! describes the reaction of the dying crew to a rescue ship, the reduction seems parodic, almost cartoon-like; language fails to capture the import of the event. Coleridge, who quite often com plained of his publics inability to read poetry and who had for nine teen years been subjected to criticism that the Rime was obscure, seems to be slyly mocking the sponge-like reader.

The Power of One- Music and Boxing free essay sample

The skills of boxing and music are one of the most physically demanding activities a person can learn in their life. High levels of strenuous concentrations are required for these activities. Bryce Courtesan has used imagery and stressed the importance and commonalities between boxing and music. In the novel, the Power of One, many examples of imagery exist in the book, often contrasting music to boxing. The quote Like a Mozart concert shows that Doc Is trying to elevate boxing from a sport, to an art.When sports, like Boxing, are elevated to a status of an art form, It gives It acceptability. This is a reflection of how society can use sport as a uniting force. In the novel, Doc mentions mostly, European composers such as Chopin, Mozart, Brahms and Beethoven suggesting a cultural gulf between Europe and South Africa. Bryce Courtesan presents South Africa as an uncultured In comparison to European collects. We will write a custom essay sample on The Power of One- Music and Boxing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Perhaps Courtesan Is trying to position the reader to understand that before south Africa can be cultured, the basic fundamental rights of the people need to be acknowledged . Courtesan presents South Africa as a country where people must be prepared to eight and die for their safety and survival. This is common to the idea of boxing in the novel where it is a sport where survival skills and instincts are crucial much like the lifestyle of the normalized population of South Africa Its a medicine ball and it weighs fifteen pounds. When you can throw one of these over my head youll be strong enough to begin to box. Page 422 This quote shows the physically demanding nature of boxing. Courtesan presents music to be just as demanding as boxing. Doc mentions to Peaky that he must first learn to love music ND then only would Doc teach him to play the piano. This quote implies the learning curve of music and how it is needed for Peaky to produce music of a high caliber. This learning symbolizes the idea of the Power of One and how it is also needed for South Africa to survive its problems and play its music.The Power of One stresses these contrasts and commonalities between music and boxing because it wants the readers to accept the vast cultural difference between the culture and lifestyle of Europe and the culture and lifestyle of South Africa. Bryce Courtesan Is trying to also emphasize that no matter how tough, rigorous and head breaking they may be; they can be used to unite a nation and a race together. This unity Is depicted In the movie, Peaky is depicted teaching all the tribes a song In Zulu, In Beaverton Prison a song that unites them as one.Courtesan once again brings the Idea of The Power Of One and Its requirement for Africa to survive the problems that It faces and one to survive In the sport of boxing. The Power of One- Music and Boxing ay Cumbersomeness ere skills of boxing and music are one of the most physically demanding activit ies a eke a Mozart concerto shows that Doc is trying to elevate boxing from a sport, to an art. When sports, like Boxing, are elevated to a status of an art form, it gives it respectability. This is a reflection of how society can use sport as a uniting force. Rams and Beethoven suggesting a cultural gulf between Europe and South Africa. Bryce Courtesan presents South Africa as an uncultured in comparison to European societies. Perhaps Courtesan is trying to position the reader to understand that before South Africa can be cultured, the basic fundamental rights of the people need to be Its a medicine ball and it weighs fifteen pounds. When you can throw one of these the physically demanding nature of boxing.Courtesan presents music to be Just as Europe and the culture and lifestyle of South Africa. Bryce Courtesan is trying to also can be used to unite a nation and a race together. This unity is depicted in the movie, Peaky is depicted teaching all the tribes a song in Zulu, in Beaverton Prison a song that unites them as one. Courtesan once again brings the idea of The Power Of One and its requirement for Africa to survive the problems that it faces and one to survive in the sport of boxing.

Rotator Cuff Essays - Shoulder, Synovial Bursae, Free Essays

Rotator Cuff Essays - Shoulder, Synovial Bursae, Free Essays Rotator Cuff It is often difficult to tell where concepts actually begin. It is certainly not obvious who first used the term rotator or musculotendinous cuff. Credit for first describing ruptures of this structure is often given to J. G. Smith, who in 1834 described the occurrence of tendon ruptures after shoulder injury in the London Medical Gazette. (Smith, 1834) In 1924 Meyer published his attrition theory of cuff ruptures. (Meyer, 1924) In his 1934 classic monograph, Codman summarized his 25 years of observations on the musculotendinous cuff and its components and discussed ruptures of the supraspinatus tendon. (Codman, 1934b) Beginning 10 years after the publication of Codman's book and for the next 20 years, McLaughlin wrote on the etiology of cuff tears and their management. (McLaughlin, 1944, McLaughlin and Asherman, 1951) Oberholtzer first carried out arthrography in 1933 using air as the contrast medium. (Oberholtzer, 1933) Lindblom and Palmer (Lindblom and Palmer, 1939) used radio-opa que contrast and described partial-thickness, full-thickness, and massive tears of the cuff. Codman recommended early operative repair for complete cuff tears. He carried out what may have been the first cuff repair in 1909. (Codman, 1934b) Current views of cuff tear pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment are quite similar to those that he proposed over 50 years ago. Pettersson has provided an excellent summary of the early history of published observations on subacromial pathology. Because of its completeness, his account is quoted here. (Pettersson, 1942) As already mentioned, the tendon aponeurosis of the shoulder joint and the subacromial bursa are intimately connected with each other. An investigation on the pathological changes in one of these formations will necessarily concern the other one also. A historical review shows that there has been a good deal of confusion regarding the pathological and clinical observations on the two. The first to observe morbid processes in the subacromial bursa was Jarjavay, (Jarjavay, 1867) who on the basis of a few cases gave a general description of subacromial bursitis. His views were modified and elaborated by Heineke (Heineke, 1868) and Vogt. (Vogt, 1881) Duplay (Duplay, 1872) introduced the term periarthritis humeroscapularis to designate a disease picture characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint following a trauma. Duplay based his observations on cases of trauma to the shoulder joint and on other cases of stiffness in the shoulder following dislocation, which he had studied at autopsy. The pathological foundation for the disease was believed by Duplay to lie in the subacromial and subdeltoid bursa. He thought that the cause was probably destruction or fusion of the bursa. Duplay's views, which were supported by his followers, Tillaux (Tillaux, 1888) and Desch, (Desche, 1892) were hotly disputed. His opponents, Gosselin and his pupil Duronea (Duronea, 1873) and Desplats, (Desplats, 1878) Pingaud a nd Charvot, (Pinguad and Charvot, 1879) tried to prove that the periarthritis should be regarded as a rheumatic affection, neuritis, etc. In Germany, Colley (Colley, 1899) and Kuster (Kuster, 1882) were of practically the same opinion regarding periarthritis humeroscapularis as Duplay. Roentgenography soon began to contribute to the problem of humeroscapular periarthritis. It was not long before calcium shadows began to be observed in the soft parts between the acromion and the greater tuberosity. (Painter, 1907) The same finding was made by Stieda, (Stieda, 1908) who assumed that these calcium masses were situated in the wall and in the lumen of the subacromial bursa. These new findings were indiscriminately termed bursitis calcarea subacromialis or subdeltoidea. The term bursoliths was even used by Haudek (Haudek, 1911) and Holzknecht. (Holzknecht, 1911) Later, however, as the condition showed a strong resemblance to humeroscapular periarthritis, it became entirely identified with the latter. In America, Codman(Codman, 1984) made a very important contribution to the question when he drew attention to the important role played by changes in the supraspinatus in the clinical picture of subacromial bursitis. Codman was the first to point out that many cases of inability to abduct the arm are due to incomplete or complete ruptures of the supraspinatus tendon. With Codman's findings it was proved that humeroscapular periarthritis was not only a disease condition localized in the subacromial bursa, but that pathological changes also occurred in the tendon aponeurosis of the shoulder joint. This

More Than, As Often As...These Are Comparative Adverbs

More Than, As Often As...These Are Comparative Adverbs Comparative adverbs express relative superiority or inferiority. Superiority, the idea that something is more or (greater) than something else, is expressed with plus in French. Inferiority, meaning that something is less than something else, is stated with moins. You can also express equality with comparatives, to state that something is as (great) as something else; in French, there are two possible equivalents to this: aussi and autant. French Comparatives 1. In French comparatives, you use stressed pronouns after que, rather than subject pronouns. For example, Il est plus grand que moi Hes taller than me.2. Comparative adverbs are most commonly used with adjectives, but you can also use them with adverbs, verbs, and nouns. These comparisons have slightly different constructions for each part of speech. Click in the summary table below for detailed lessons. Construction of  French Comparative Adverbs Comparisons with... Required word order Adjectives plus/moins/aussi + adjective + que + noun/pronoun plus/moins/aussi + adjective + que + adjective plus/moins/aussi + adjective + que + temporal adverb Adverbs plus/moins/aussi + adverb + que + noun/pronoun plus/moins/aussi + adverb + que + adverb plus/moins/aussi + adverb + que + temporal adverb Nouns plus/moins/autant de + noun + que + noun/pronoun plus/moins/autant de + noun + que + de + noun plus/moins/autant de + noun + que + temporal adverb Verbs verb + plus/moins/autant que + noun/pronoun verb + plus/moins/autant que + pronoun (+ ne) + verb verb + plus/moins/autant que + temporal adverb    When comparing with adjectives, use plus (adjective) que for superiority, moins (adjective) que for inferiority, and aussi (adjective) que for equality.Adjective: vert (green)  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus vert (greener)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins vert (less green)  Ã‚  Ã‚  aussi vert (as green)Like all adjectives, the adjectives used in comparatives have to agree with the nouns that they modify, and therefore have different forms for masculine, feminine, singular, and plural. The comparative itself, however, is invariable:Masculine singular  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus vert (greener)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins vert (less green)  Ã‚  Ã‚  aussi vert (as green)Feminine singular  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus verte (greener)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins verte (less green)  Ã‚  Ã‚  aussi verte (as green)Masculine plural  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus verts (greener)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins verts (less green)  Ã‚  Ã‚  aussi verts (as green)Feminine plural  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus vertes (greener)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins vertes (less green)  Ã‚  Ã‚  aussi vertes (as green)Note: The above i s true for all adjectives except bon and mauvais, which have special comparative forms for superiority. Types of Comparisons with Adjectives 1. Compare two nouns with one adjective.  Ã‚  Ã‚  David est plus fier que Jeanne.  Ã‚  Ã‚  David is prouder than Jeanne.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne est moins fià ¨re que David.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne is less proud than David.2. Compare one noun with two adjectives.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean est aussi riche que travailleur.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean is as rich as (he is) hard-working.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne est plus sympa quintelligente.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne is nicer than (she is) smart.3. Compare an adjective over time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean est moins stricte quavant.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean is less strict than before.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne est aussi belle que toujours.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne is as beautiful as ever. Note: You can also make an implied comparison to any of the above by leaving out que.  Ã‚   Jean est plus grand.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean is taller.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne est moins fià ¨re.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne is less proud. When comparing with adverbs, use plus (adverb) que for superiority, moins (adverb) que for inferiority, and aussi (adverb) que for equality.Adverb: prudemment (carefully)  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus prudemment (more carefully)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins prudemment (less carefully)  Ã‚  Ã‚  aussi prudemment (as carefully)Note: The adverb bien has a special comparative form when expressing superiority. Types of Comparisons with Adverbs 1. Compare two nouns with one adverb.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean lit plus lentement que Luc.     Jean reads more slowly than Luc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne à ©crit moins souvent que Luc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne writes less often than Luc.2. Compare one noun with two adverbs.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean travaille aussi vite que gentiment.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean works as quickly as (he does) helpfully.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne à ©crit plus soigneusement quefficacement.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne writes more carefully than (she does) efficiently.3. Compare an adverb over time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean mange plus poliment quavant.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean eats more politely than before.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne parle aussi fort que toujours.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne speaks as loudly as ever.Note: You can also make an implied comparison to any of the above by leaving out que.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean lit plus lentement.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean reads more slowly.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne à ©crit moins souvent.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne writes less often. When comparing with nouns, use plus de (noun) que for superiority, moins de (noun) que for inferiority, and autant de (noun) que for equality.Noun: livre (book)  Ã‚  Ã‚  plus de livres (more books)  Ã‚  Ã‚  moins de livres (fewer books)  Ã‚  Ã‚  autant de livres (as many books) Types of Comparisons with Nouns 1. Compare the amount of a noun between two subjects.      Jean veut autant damis que Luc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean wants as many friends as Luc (has).  Ã‚  Ã‚  La France a plus de vin que lAllemagne.  Ã‚  Ã‚  France has more wine than Germany.2. Compare two nouns (note that the second noun must also be preceded by de).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean a plus dintelligence que de bon sens.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean has more brains than sense.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne a autant damis que dennemis.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne has as many friends as enemies.3. Compare a noun over time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean connaà ®t moins de gens quavant.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean knows fewer people than (he did) before.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne a autant didà ©es que toujours.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne has as many ideas as ever.Note: You can also make an implied comparison to any of the above by leaving out que.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean veut autant damis.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean wants as many friends.  Ã‚  Ã‚  La France a plus de vin.  Ã‚  Ã‚  France has more wine. When comparing verbs, use (verb) plus que for superiority, (verb) moins que for inferiority, and (verb) autant que for equality.Verb: voyager (to travel)  Ã‚  Ã‚  voyager plus (to travel more)  Ã‚  Ã‚  voyager moins (to travel less)  Ã‚  Ã‚  voyager autant (to travel as much) Types of Comparisons with Verbs 1. Compare a verb between two subjects.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean travaille plus que Luc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean works more than Luc (does).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne a à ©tudià © autant que Luc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne studied as much as Luc (did).2. Compare two verbs.*  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean rit autant quil pleure.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean laughs as much as he cries.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne travaille plus quelle ne joue.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne works more than she plays.*When comparing two verbs, you need:  Ã‚  a) a pronoun referring back to the subject in front of the second verb  Ã‚  b) after plus and moins, the ne explà ©tif before the second verb3. Compare a verb over time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean lit moins quavant.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean reads less than (he did) before.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne à ©tudie autant que toujours.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne studies as much as always.Note: You can also make an implied comparison to any of the above by leaving out que.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean travaille plus.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean works more.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne a à ©tudià © autan t.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jeanne a à ©tudià © autant. Additional Resources French comparatives and superlativesIntroduction to comparativesComparatives with adjectivesComparatives with adverbsComparatives with nounsComparatives with verb

Organizational Context For Distant Learning System. (ABC Mobiles Essay

Organizational Context For Distant Learning System. (ABC Mobiles context analysis) - Essay Example ABC Mobiles has recently ordered a detailed consultancy report to assess the needs and requirements of their organization for a distant learning system. ABC Mobiles is a renowned supplier of mobile telephones in the region and has a vast network of it regional offices, contractors and franchise partners all around the country. Moreover, the company also exports mobile telephones to many countries around the globe. The company has introduced a vast range of products in the market and has to introduce new products periodically to all partners, stakeholders and customers in order to seize new customers and capture new markets. However, the help and support of all previous products pose a serious challenge to the management and because new products are very frequent, these challenges are a common feature of corporate operations. In order to support all these products support operations the company has to held seminars and workshops to give orientation to the customer and retailers. Besid e the product help and support operations the company launches programs at regular intervals for the training of sales, marketing and technical staff. The company has to incur a lot of expense to conduct these training programs in order to keep its work force vibrant and updated on various developments and advancement being introduced in their respective fields of expertise. Keeping your workforce at educated and updated is the most important requirement in today’s rapidly changing world. Dam (2005) has stressed the same need, when he states, â€Å"The adoption of new technologies, the rapid obsolescence of knowledge, the need for just-in-time learning and the search for cost-effective ways to meet the learning needs of a global workforce have redefined the processes that underlie the design, development and delivery of training and education.† Therefore, learning is an indispensible exercise that ABC Mobiles will have to undertake to keep pace with the changing global learning requirements. A major aspect of modern learning modals is their cost-effective mode of conduct. Organizations despite being aware of the important role of trainings, workshops and courses, tend to cut costs over the training because a major portion of this training expense is drained in transportation, accommodation and other miscellaneous daily expenses of the distant participants of the course or training workshop. Organizations are now moving towards the online trainings, courses, workshops and seminars in order to control the surplus expenses that were not truly educational in nature. â€Å"Online training is growing in popularity and can reach the audiences in a very cost effective manner. Online training allows for customization of location, language, employee function and subject matter.† (Biegelman & Daniel, 2008, p. 192). This changed learning modal is extensively applicable in ABC Mobiles. The ABC Mobiles can exploit flexibility and ease of use that online learning systems can offer. This flexibility can be especially beneficial in organizations like ABC Mobiles that operates round the clock in various time zones and it is usually difficult to schedule a course or training using video conferencing. Online learning systems can deliver these training and courses within selected time slots or at a user request. ABC Mobiles constantly allocates considerable financial and human resources to keep these traditional learning programs running but yet the company is falling far behind in meeting the

Death of a salesman- willy recalls his sons teenage years as fruitfull Essay

Death of a salesman- willy recalls his sons teenage years as fruitfull and charming. what evindence canwe find to show that the - Essay Example The form of illusion highlighted here may be termed as self-deception. Though Willy himself was never a big success and even at the age of sixty he had to borrow money from Charley to pay his bills, he is inquisitive and critical of his son Biff. Willy was critical of the fact that Biff has not yet â€Å"found himself† which was a disgrace. He seems to be oblivious to the fact that even he was not half as successful as Biff at that age. When Linda tells him not to be too critical of Biff since he admires him, Willy tells her, â€Å"I simply asked him if he was making any money. Is that a criticism?" (Miller 7) This shows his over consciousness regarding money matters and a reader who is not introduced to Willy’s state of mind and existence would think that he was perhaps a very successful businessman himself. This reflects a very significant symptom of the disease - confusion and illusions that lead to unorganized thinking. In fact he is to a large extent responsible f or his sons’ (Biff and Happy) immaturity and slow emotional development as he pampers them during their teenage years and tells them the importance of appearance over substance showing them the dreams of high promises held by their future. He recalls that Biff had a promising teenage but he lost many opportunities and hence could not make anything out of life. This also reveals his evasion from admitting that he is failure as a father. Biff has grown up admiring his father more by his words than actions. He has not been a successful student and failed in Math. Bernard, the son of Willy’s friend Charlie has always been a good grade achiever but according to Willy Charlie is not well liked like himself and following the same Biff responds to his father’s query about Willy’s popularity, saying that he is liked but not â€Å"well liked†. Willy even brags to his wife, saying that even though Bernard, the son of his friend gets good grades in schools, he cannot grow into a successful businessman unlike Biff and Happy. Willy’s comments at this juncture is worth taking a deeper reading, â€Å"Bernard can get the best marks in school, y’understand, but when he gets out in the business world, y’understand, you are going to be five times ahead of him. That’s why I thank Almighty God you’re both built like Adonises. Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Be liked and you will never want. You take me, for instance. I never have to wait in line to see a buyer.† (Miller 21) The above lines expresses his self boasting nature and setting a wrong example in front of his son Biff who ends up idolizing his father and following the wrong way. Staying around his father with a doting wife his sons cannot see his faults and all they end up learning is to give importance to appearance. Biff who has grown up with the habi t of a Kleptomaniac never faces his father’s disapproval when he lies about borrowing the things which he actually ends up stealing. When Willy tells Biff to study, the latter shows him the emblem of his University of Virginia he created on his sneakers. Bernard points out that those sneakers cannot obtain good grades for him. He also says, â€Å"I heard Mr. Birnbaum say that if you don’t start studyin’ math he’s gonna flunk you, and you won’t graduate. I heard him!† (Miller 20) Finally Willy ends up shunning away Bernard saying, â€Å"

Families and house holds Essay Example for Free

Families and house holds Essay Families and Households (In this essay I will examine and assess the view that, in todays society, the family is losing Its functions. ) Modern family sociology mainly developed In the middle of the 20th century, in a period of stability (for countries like the USA or even Switzerland) or of social reconstruction after the Second world war (as for most other European countries). This development took place under the aegis of the then dominating functionalist paradigm (Parsons Bales 1955, Goode 1963). Its basic model was that of the nuclear family, a couple of two adult partners living together with their hildren and forming an irreducible group securing fundamental tasks for social and hence societal Integrauon, especially through socialization, a group that functioned In a relatively autonomous way, with little intimate contacts beyond its borders, which made It particularly attuned to the flexibility required by the Industrial society. The internal structure of this family model was mainly organized around two ascribed criteria, sex and age. The role attribution according to the sex of the adult partners internal tasks for the wife, external tasks for the husband was said to correspond to expressive vs. Instrumental orientations typical of sexual Identities and was interpreted to be a highly functional way of performing all the necessary contributions to family and societal functioning. The welfare state and other social institutions played a pivotal role as a substitute family; many functions the family used to perform (see my video on Parsons Fit Thesis) have now been taken over by our welfare state (anyone else hear Charles Murray groan? ). Remember pre- industrialization? The family performed many educational caring roles! For example, single parents can perform the economic role through benefit payments nd primary socialization of children can be performed by pre-school / nursery. So on the one hand, from a functionalist and New Right point of view; the family Is losing its functions because of their primary concern / focus with the nuclear family. However the evaluation Is that the family Isnt necessarily losing its functions because in whatever format the family is found, with external support the key functions Durkheim and parsons Stress. are still performable. Certain functionalist such as Parsons and Dennis say that in our now modern society some functions erformed by the family have been shifted to specialized Institutions that look after certain vital roles. This would include such things as education, as this used to performed by the family who educated their children for the working world. They also claim that now the family has two basic functions left, these are the socialization of children and the stabilization of adult personalities. Changes in the family; Decline In marriage and growth In cohabitation, Remarriage and growth of reconstituted families More births outside marriage, Rising divorce rates, Ageing population. However some other sociologists such as Fletcher and Shorter claim that It Is the opposites and that the family actually sued to ignore such things as the education of their children and the recreational activities were not done. They say that now due to the introduction of the welfare system the family now cares about their Childs health and keeps a closer eye on It. The family still Is responsible for partly diagnosing 1 OF3 introduction of the social service department the family must further care for their child so they are not taken away. There are many different sociologists who look in he families place in todays society and assess the level of function to family has today. From Murdock to parsons, feminist and warm bath theory there is many different views and opinions on this statement. One of the more famous sociologists who looked at the family is G. P. Murdock; he compared over 250 societies and claimed that the nuclear family was universal, that some form of the nuclear family existed in every known society and that it performed four functions essential to the continued existence of those societies. The four functions are Reproduction (where society equires new members to ensure its survival), Sexual (this function serves both society and the individual. Unregulated sexual behavior has the potential to be socially disruptive. However marital sex creates a powerful emotional between a couple), Educational (culture needs to be transmitted to the next generation), Economic (where adult family members show their commitment to the care, protection and maintenance of their dependents by becoming productive workers and being an income). While Murdocks ideas are a great idea and would make a good society to live in they re also dated seeing as he wrote this in 1949, things have changed a lot since then and the family has moved on, one thing that would have changed for sure since he wrote this is the fact that women can now be the breadwinners in the family it is no longer Just the men that go out to work to help the economy. So according to Murdock then family would be losing its functions because it is not fitting directly into his four main functions. As industrialization grew kinship-based society broke-up which had a direct impact on family structures. Out went the classic extended family and in came the isolated nuclear family as a productive unit. The term isolated comes from functionalist Talcott Parsons who identified the families in modern industrial society as being isolated because its not connected to wider kinship relations. Obviously there are kinship relationships between members of a family but the difference for Parsons is these relationships are built on choice rather than obligation (members of pre-industrial had to cooperate in order for the family unit to survive a relationship built on obligation rather than choice. These pre-industrial family obligations consisted of health-care; education; policing; moral teaching; mployment etc. ) In contrast Parsons identified how in modern industrial times, the family was no longer obliged to carry out these family functions. Instead state institutions such as firms; schools; hospitals; GPs; police and churches took over these obligations. Parsons said this shift from family to state responsibility was a natural outcome of social evolution rather than demise. The isolated nuclear family had evolved from the classic extended family due to a reduction of the functions of the family particularly with the family ceasing to be an economic unit of production. Functionalists argue this change in function of the family comes from the needs of the economic system. Industrialization introduced specialized division of labor. These specialisms mean certain skills are called for in different geographical regions at different times. These social changes meant the isolated nuclear families being freed requirements of modern industrial society. This changing function of the family was evident in the expansion of the railways in the 19th century. The 1851 Census was the first to include detailed classifications of the population by age which provides a enchmark to track the impact of the railways on families, people and places throughout England and Wales. The shift to the postmodern family Unlike Giddens, Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, and David Morgan, the American sociologist Judith Stacey believes that contemporary societies such as the USA have developed the postmodern family (Stacey, 1996). She associates changes in the family with a movement away from a single dominant family type. And with greater variety in family relationships. Postmodern families in Silicon Valley Staceys claim that the postmodern family is characteristic of the USA is based upon er own research into family life in Silicon Valley conducted during the mid-1980s. Silicon Valley in California is the global headquarters of the electronics industry and the worlds vanguard post-industrial region (Stacey, 1996). Usually trends in family life in the USA take on an exaggerated form in Silicon Valley. For example, divorce rates in this area have risen faster than in other areas of the country. Trends there are generally indicative of future trends elsewhere. Most sociologists have tended to argue that higher-class and middle-class families lead the way in new family trends and that working-class families then follow later see, for example, Willmott and Youngs idea of the symmetrical family). Staceys research suggests that the reverse might be true with the rise of the postmodern family.

Argument Essay -- Essays Papers

Argument I enjoyed writing this paper because I love to ski. This article and the next one are important to me because safety when I am skiing is a big deal. I discussed the validity of ski helmets on the market today in respect to the test Consumer Reports put out last ski season. I just wrote for this one and went back and edited it later on. I went to a few different sites to find information to use in this paper along with the information that was provided in the article. About 23,000 people suffered head injuries in skiing related accidents in 2002. "Ski Helmets: Safety on the Slopes" was written by the highly respected Consumer Reports Magazine, and is in itself a great resource when looking for information on mainstream consumer products. Published in December 2003, "Safety on the Slopes" appeals to skiers and snowboarders alike. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) estimates that a helmet could have prevented or lessened the severity of about forty percent of those injuries. The article in question analyzed fit, price and performance and compiled an overall score to better help the consumer make a more educated guess in choosing a helmet for skiing. Through logic, credibility, and emotions/values/beliefs I believe that "Ski Helmets: Safety on the Slopes" is a great resource when finding the helmet to best fit the individual buyer. By means of clear logic the reader is drawn in to the importance of helmets in skiing. To the credit of the author they used organization, persuasion, and common sense to outline their points. The best way to present an argument is in an organized solid format. "Safety on the Slopes" opens with the story of 5 year old Eliot Levmore running into a tree while skiing in Co... ... This article is no exception; safety is implied through the search for a more skier friendly helmet that is not only safe but asks a respectable price. "Ski Helmets: Safety on the Slopes" is effective in providing information to show the importance of helmets on today's slopes. Out of the three ideas expressed in this article logic contributed most to the argument. Logic worked best in this argument because in a case like this quality is best shown through real world tests. This article is geared towards the safety minded skier and did a good job presenting its ideas. Being a skier myself of 14 years I was enticed by this argument and would consider purchasing a helmet because of it. Knowing a little of what skiers look for when buying a product I believe that by reading this they will want to look into buying a ski helmet for their next outing on the slopes.

Definition of Non-Verbal Communication Essay

The nonverbal communication is the communication that occurs through clues, signs, symbols and lack of verbal syntactic structure i.e. to have no syntactic structure so it can not be analyzed sequences of constituent hierarchy. The nonverbal communication is the process of communication by sending and receiving messages without words. These messages can be communicated through gestures, body language or posture, facial expression and eye contact, communication of objects such as clothing, hairstyles or even the architecture, symbols or graphics, as well as through an aggregate of above, such as communication behavior. Nonverbal communication plays a key role in the daily life of everyone. Nonverbal communication comes with evidence of the human species before the evolution of language itself. The animals also show certain types of nonverbal communication. It is important not to confuse â€Å"nonverbal communication† with â€Å"oral communication† as there are forms of communication â€Å"verbal† (i.e. linguistic or syntactic structure) non-oral such as written communication and sign language. There can be nonverbal communication that can be made ​​orally, as the grunts and sounds of disapproval. In humans, the nonverbal communication is often paralinguistic i.e. verbal information accompanying the nuanced, extending it or by sending mixed signals. Types of Non-Verbal Communication. According to experts, a substantial portion of our communication is nonverbal. Every day, we respond to thousands on nonverbal cues and behaviors including postures, facial expression, eye gaze, gestures, and tone of voice. From our handshakes to our hairstyles, nonverbal details reveal who we are and impact how we relate to other people. Scientific research on nonverbal communication and behavior began with the 1872 publication of Charles Darwin’s The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Since that time, there has been an abundance of research on the types, effects and expressions of unspoken communication and behavior. While these signals are often so subtle that we are not consciously aware of them,  research has identified several different types of nonverbal communication. In many cases, we communicate information in nonverbal ways using groups of behaviors. For example, we might combine a frown with crossed arms and unblinking eye gaze to indicate disapproval. 1. Facial Expression Facial expressions are responsible for a huge proportion of nonverbal communication. Consider how much information can be conveyed with a smile or a frown. While nonverbal communication and behavior can vary dramatically between cultures, the facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger and fear are similar throughout the world. 2. Gestures Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without words. Common gestures include waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate numeric amounts. Other gestures are arbitrary and related to culture. 3. Paralinguistics Paralinguistics refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language. This includes factors such as tone of voice, loudness, inflection and pitch. Consider the powerful effect that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence. When said in a strong tone of voice, listeners might interpret approval and enthusiasm. The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice might convey disapproval and a lack of interest. 4. Body Language and Posture Posture and movement can also convey a great deal on information. Research on body language has grown significantly since the 1970’s, but popular media have focused on the over-interpretation of defensive postures, arm-crossing, and leg-crossing, especially after the publication of Julius Fast’s book Body Language. While these nonverbal behaviors can indicate feelings and attitudes, research suggests that body language is far more subtle and less definitive that previously believed. 5. Proxemics People often refer to their need for â€Å"personal space,† which is also an important type of nonverbal communication. The amount of distance we need and the amount of space we perceive as belonging to us is influenced by a number of factors including social norms, situational factors, personality characteristics and level of familiarity. For example, the amount of personal space needed when having a casual conversation with another person usually varies between 18 inches to four feet. On the other hand, the personal distance needed when speaking to a crowd of people is around 10 to 12 feet. 6. Eye Gaze Looking, staring and blinking can also be important nonverbal behaviors. When people encounter people or things that they like, the rate of blinking increases and pupils dilate. Looking at another person can indicate a range of emotions, including hostility, interest and attraction. 7. Haptics Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal behavior. There has been a substantial amount of research on the importance of touch in infancy and early childhood. Harry Harlow’s classic monkey study demonstrated how the deprivation of touch and contact impedes development. Baby monkeys raised by wire mothers experienced permanent deficits in behavior and social interaction. Touch can be used to communicate affection, familiarity, sympathy and other emotions. 8. Appearance Our choice of color, clothing, hairstyles and other factors affecting appearance are also considered a means of nonverbal communication. Research on color psychology has demonstrated that different colors can evoke different moods. Appearance can also alter physiological reactions, judgments and interpretations. Just think of all the subtle judgements you quickly make about someone based on his or her appearance. These first impressions are important, which is why experts suggest that job seekers dress appropriately for interviews with potential employers. CONCLUSION The nonverbal communication is the communication that occurs through clues, signs, symbols and lack of verbal syntactic structure i.e. to have no syntactic structure so it can not be analyzed sequences of constituent hierarchy. http://psychology.about.com/od/nonverbalcommunication/a/nonverbaltypes.htm http://www.allabtworld.com/business/nonverbal-communication-and-its-types-277

Boeing E-enabled Advantages Essay

Boeing is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures and sells fixed-wing aircraft, rotorcraft, rockets and satellites. It also provides leasing and product support services. Boeing is among the largest global aircraft manufacturers, is the second-largest aerospace & defense contractor in the world based on 2012 revenue and is the US’ largest exporter by dollar value. Boeing stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The Boeing Company’s corporate headquarters are located in Chicago and the company is led by Chairman and CEO James McNerney. Boeing is organized into five primary divisions: Boeing Commercial Airplanes (BCA); Boeing Defense, Space & Security (BDS); Engineering, Operations & Technology; Boeing Capital; and Boeing Shared Services Group. In 2013, Boeing recorded $86.623 billion in sales, ranked 30th on the Fortune magazine â€Å"Fortune 500† list (2013), ranked 95th on the â€Å"Fortune Global 500† list (2013 ), and ranked 26th on the â€Å"World’s Most Admired Companies† list (2013). The success of this aviation company began when the founder of Boeing, William E.Boeing, bought a shipyard in Seattle on the Duwamish River, which later became his first airplane factory. Boeing, a graduate from Yale University incorporated Boeing on July 15. 1916 as ‘Pacific Aero Products Co.’ which later transformed the company into a world’s largest aircraft manufacturer throughout the aviation history. Between World War I and II, Boeing grew to be one of the largest aircraft by supplying the military with training and fighting planes, pioneering airmail planes and routes, and developing early passenger planes. During World War II, Boeing was ‘one of the country’s leading defense and space contractors’. The B-17 â€Å"Flying Fortress† and B-29 ‘Super Fortress’ bombers were an essential military force, and the B-52, and eight-engine bomber that made debut in 1952, had been used in the Vietnam War, the Persian Gulf-War 1991 and in Afghanistan in 2001. Research and development that took place during the war years set the stage for the coming age of commercial jetliners, which Boeing would dominate for the remainder of the 20th century. Boeing’s Aircraft Production Boeing made its entry into commercial aviation in 1954, by introducing Boeing 707 to the world. The aircraft, four-engine jetliner based largely on ‘C-97 Stratofreighter’, a military-tanker transport which competed directly with the Douglas DC-8. While Boeing’s foray into commercial aviation was risky at first, the success of 707 eventually helped establish Boeing as a leader in commercial aviation, which until then had been dominated by DAC (Douglas Aircraft Company). The 707 was followed by the 727 in 1962 and the 737 in 1967, and in 1968, Boeing rolled out the 747-its flagship aircraft and the largest civilian aircraft the time. 757, 767 has been added to the 7-series of jetliners right after the ‘impending disaster’, when the Congress had pulled the plug on funding for development of the Apollo Project. During that time, cyclical aviation industry faced a massive downturn, and Boeing had to bear the high start-up cost. Wilson, the president of Boeing at that ‘downfall period’ was force to cut Boeing’s employees from 105,000 to just 38,000, just to maintain the company’s relevancy on financial. Throughout the 1980s, Boeing was virtually unrivalled in commercial aviation. Its 2 main competitors, McDonnell Douglas in the US and Airbus in Europe, held less than half of the market share combined ad neither had a family of airplanes that could compete with Boeing’s versatile 7-series. The second half of 1980 and the early 1990s witnessed nearly unmitigated growth for Boeing. Although the defense and space sectors struggles as the US government cut funding, the commercial aviation division prospered. Air travel had been growing steadily since 1970; ad Boeing broke its own sales record for 6 years in a row starting in 1985. In the 1980s alone, Boeing received orders for more than 3,500 jet liners, which represented half of all jetliners sold by Boeing since the first 707 order was placed in 1956, and in 1987, the 737 surpassed the 727 as the world’s best-selling jetliner. In 1989, Boeing announced plans to develop the next airplane in the 7-series, the 777, to be rel eased in 1995. By 1992, Boeing employed nearly 150,000 people and posted net earnings of 1.5 billion. It was the country’s leading exporter and was considered one of  the nation’s most admired companies. The company that started a mere hobby had become ‘the king of the jet makers.’ Problem Statement Throughout the e-Enable program, Lou Manchini, the Vice President of CAS (Commercial Aviation Service), stated that the main goal of the program was to continue running a profitable business while integrating each business unit with the strategy. This strategy was the implementation specifically for Vision 2016, on how to bear the challenges ahead and putting ideas into practice. The entire effort to implement the goals was handed to Chris Kettering, the program director of e-Enabled. ‘e-Enable’, which adverse the cost-cutting of long term financial strength of BOEING, has revealed Scott Carson’s proposal on breaking down sops of communication among different units. In order to sustain the business through cost-management, the problem of this case has been identified as how e-Enabled can aid the program for long-run sustainability. Could e-Enabled provide the advantage that airplanes used to provide? How concrete the advantages were to withstand the tight competit ion from other makers, and would BOEING’s transition into services prove to be the silver bullet – the solution to the airlines financial woes and to BOEING’s aggressive competition with Airbus? SWOT Analysis Strength Weaknesses World leading/largest aircraft company, used by many Airlines Company and military. Having full concentration especially more on R&D activities/ Wide product and service range, which consists of commercial airplanes, defence work and aerospace The practise of having a healthy financial performance, despite some losses from previous business deals. Strong product and strong technology. Issues of safety (example: 787) Problems on labour forces due to committing into large numbers of workers. Communication issue between departments in the company because of the  company size and high number of staff. In order to stay in business, the company is too dependent with contract with U.S government. Opportunities Threats Aircraft demands from other continents. The increased demand for fuel efficiency in aircraft may lead to company to invest in developing efficient aircrafts. Data availability that can be provided to airlines operators, security agencies may lead to improvisation on the products. Military expansion in new country will requires more aircraft. (Eg: U.S invasion to middle-east) The growth of freight transport market. Competition arises as reported that Airbus are in pursuit to offer services for the military and commercial aircraft sector. New entrants of competitor also exist in defence sector. Uncertain airlines industry environment. The need for lighter version of fuel-efficient planes. Case Analysis ‘e-Enabled Advantage’ strategy was first unveiled in June 2003, the Paris Air Show. Core concept of the strategy, whereby all data and information system relating to airplane maintenance, flight operations and passenger needs would be seamlessly interconnected to effectively bring the airplane into the airline’s network during flight. Through acquisitions, Boeing has increased the value of its e-Enabled campaign by holdings companies that offered different advantages to support its IT credibility of the airline system and established a consumer-friendly website to increase airline technical awareness. The participating companies are: Companies Support Type Preston Aviation Solutions A Comprehensive suite of IT Solutions to need the needs of aviation customers. Jeppesen Sanderson Inc. Provides a full range of print and electronic flight information services. Continental Data Graphic Corp Customized information and documentation to airlines including illustrating and editing materials. MyBoeingFleet.com Provides powerful and flexible tools to manage crew scheduling in both regulated and deregulated environments. SBS International Provides IT maintenance and platform stability Hughes Electronics Corp. Recognized as the world leader in, reconnaissance, surveillance, and imaging systems. After the acquisition, the company further their long-reign campaign IT based strategy with e-Enabled to reach customers on feedback of how to improve the operational quality of Boeing services by introducing ValSim in 2004 (Valuation Simulation), a program that visualized its customer’s business structure using Microsoft Visio to demonstrate how the CAS Software portfolio adds value to the operations. Efficiency is the core success for survival in any airlines industry. When we talk about operational, efficiently is the ‘heart’ that pumps the ‘life’ into the core. With e-Enabled, many within Boeing believed that it is the ‘fundamental’ to deal with the pressures of cost against revenue on demand over supply and aviation competitive market. Also by looking at its e-Enabled environment, the objective is to ensure integrated solutions to services and product will be realized from time to time. As forecasted by analysts, Boeing will have an average of 5% growth in passenger volume over next 2 decades. Summary & Recommendations Boeing’s e-Enabled Advantages has proven that’s the functionality of the strategy has strengthen up the company’s financial position as well as embedding better IT solution in aircraft industry. Boeing has proved a strategy that could sustain their organization for many long years ahead, while having a competitive advantage in the airline industry especially to compete with Europe’s Airbus. One of the most talkative subjects coherent with the powerful e-Enabled Advantage is the Boeing 787 Dreamliner. It is a plane that defined the while e-Enabled Advantage campaign, which fully embedded enabled features. Since  the safety of the aircraft is being questioned from time to time, research and development if Boeing still has ample time to carry out strategic analysing on the aircraft in order to strengthen up e-Enabled advantage. e-Enabled campaign is a serious campaign, thus full support from other bodies and JVs are required for the sake of e-Enabled functionality. This is to recommend that Boeing should look for more promising companies (as a failover backup) that could support e-Enabled if the current supporting bodies fail to deliver through its standards. Other recommendation that can be described in this study case is to offer certain features or software on a free trial or discounted fee to allow airline operator to understand the advantages and scope of e-Enabled services. The awareness and widespread of understanding may need to be improved through not only websites but also other sources of medias.

Indian Banking Industry essays

Indian Banking Industry essays The banking sector reforms undertaken in India from 1992 onwards were basically aimed at ensuring the safety and soundness of financial institutions and at the same time at making the banking system strong, efficient, functionally diverse and competitive. The reforms included measures for arresting the decline in productivity, efficiency and profitability of the banking sector. Furthermore, it was recognized that the Indian banking system should be in tune with international standards of capital adequacy, prudential regulations, and accounting and disclosure standards. Financial soundness and consistent supervisory practices, as evident in our level of compliance with the Basel Committees Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision, have made our banking system resilient to global shocks. India has not faced any major economic/financial crises, though in 1990-91, there was some pressure on the external sector with the current account deficit and external debt servicing reaching large proportions. However, due to prudent macroeconomic policies, it was possible to return the country to a sustainable growth path. As well as the long history of regulation and supervision, Indian banks have limited exposure to sensitive sectors such as real estate, equity, etc, strict control over off-balance sheet activities, larger holdings of government bonds (which helps limit credit risk), relatively well-diversified credit portfolios, statutory restrictions on connected lending, adequate control over currency and maturity mismatches, etc, which has insulated them from the adverse impact of financial crisis and contagion. Banks in India have played a significant role in the development of the Indian economy. However, with the structural reforms initiated in the real economy from the early 1990s, it was imperative that a vibrant and competitive financial system should be put in place to sustain the ongoing process of reforms in the real ...

Average ACT Score - which one matters to you

Average ACT Score - which one matters to you SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You're probably curious about how you stack up against average ACT scores. But how many types of averages are there, and which averages are important for you? How about the national average ACT score? Or ACT score averages by gender and by ethnicity? We'll discuss official results for all these questions and tell you which ACT average actually matters for your future. What is the ACT average score? That depends on which group of students you're looking at.We'll look at national averages, averages by gender, and averages by ethnicity. Then we'll discuss which average ACT scores actually matter to you. National Average ACT Score The national average for the ACT stays roughly the same from year to year. For the graduating class of 2014, the ACT reported 1,845,787 total test takers. These were the average scores by section, and as a composite score: Composite: 20 English: 19-20 Math: 19-20 Reading: 20-21 Science: 20-21 All scores reported are the 50th-percentile score, meaning half the students scored above this number, and half scored below. If you scored the national average of 20 composite, you have a decent selection of schools that you have a great chance of getting into. If you raise your score by just a few points, this can make a huge difference in the schools that you're likely to get into. Now a few more ACT average scores for curiosity: Average ACT Scores by Gender Students Percent English Mathematics Reading Science Composite Males 856,651 46 20.0 21.4 21.1 21.2 21.1 Females 977,127 53 20.7 20.5 21.5 20.5 20.9 Interestingly, just like the SAT, boys tend to score higher in mathematics and science, while girls score higher in English and reading. Of course, these are national averages - just because you're a particular gender has little influence on the score you'll receive. It's much more up to the individual - if you stay motivated and prep for the ACT, you can earn a high score. Average ACT Scores by Ethnicity When registering for the ACT, the College Board allows students the option to specify their ethnicity. Most students do share their ethnicity, and the ACT has reported average scores across ethnicity: Ethnicity Students Percent English Mathematics Reading Science Composite All Students 1,845,787 20.3 20.9 21.3 20.8 21.0 Black/African American 241,678 13% 15.8 17.2 17.3 17.0 17.0 American Indian/Alaska Native 14,263 0.8% 16.6 18.1 18.4 18.3 18.0 White 1,038,435 56% 22.0 22.0 22.8 22.1 22.3 Hispanic/Latino 281,216 15% 17.7 19.2 19.1 18.8 18.8 Asian 80,370 4% 22.8 24.9 22.8 23.2 23.5 Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 5,676 0.3% 17.5 19.2 18.7 18.6 18.6 Two or more races 70,013 4% 20.6 20.9 21.7 21.0 21.2 No response 4,136 6% 20.0 20.7 21.1 20.5 20.7 Once again, take this information with a huge grain of salt. While there are score differences by ethnicity, these are very rough metrics that may not apply to you. Because these are national averages, it ignores the ability of you as an individual to exceeds the average. Just by searching for this information, you're already outperforming doing more than what most students do to learn about the ACT. Now we get to the real question - which average ACT scores actually matter for you? The answer is: Average ACT Scores for Your Target Colleges The average ACT score that you should care about is the average ACT score at the colleges you're planning to apply to. If you're applying to selective colleges like those in the Ivy League, you'll need to score much higher than the national ACT score average of 20. Likewise, if you're applying to local community colleges, you may not need to score as high as 20 on the ACT. Your score target is unique to you, based on the schools you're interested in. We're going to take you through an easy process to figure out what ACT score you need to aim for, based on just 10 minutes of work. Step 1: Download this Worksheet To work through the following steps, we'll be filling out a worksheet for all the schools you're planning to apply to. Click here to download it, or click the image below. I recommend you print it out so that you can write on paper and keep it next to your work space. Step 2: Fill in the schools you want to get into in the first column. Include your reach schools (or schools that you have a smaller chance of getting into). Don't include your "safety schools," or schools that you're 90% sure you'll get into (because you're likely already scoring well enough to get into those schools). If you don't know what schools you're aiming for yet, feel free to use ones that have been suggested to you, or schools that your friends are interested in. I recommend that you take the time to research schools first, though, so that we have a realistic target score. Step 3: For each school, Google for "[name of school] average ACT". For example, if I'm interested in U Alabama, I'll do the following search: Most schools will have an about.com link or the school website, as shown here. Either page will usually list the25th/75th percentile scoresfor current U Alabama students. As a reminder of what this means: 25th percentile means that 25% of the students attending have a score at or below that number (this is below average). 75th percentile means that 75% of students have a score at or below that number. In essence, this covers the middle 50% of all students admitted to U Alabama. If you score at the 75th percentile for any school,you have a great chance at getting in. If you're at the 25th percentile, you'll need to have a strong application to boost your odds of getting in. Fill out the worksheet this way for all the schools on your list. Step 4: Calculate your Final ACT Target Score Finally, take the average of both columns - 25th percentile, and 75th percentile. I recommend that youuse the 75th percentile average as your target score.If you achieve this score through hard work, you'll have a very strong shot at getting into many of the schools on your list. For you, this is what your "Average ACT score" should be. It's unique to you - not the nation at large, and not your state or gender average score. Finally, you should set a target for your score for each section. My suggestion would be to use the composite score for each section. If you're applying to engineering schools or as a science major, your math and science scores can be higher than your other sections. Similarly, if you're applying to liberal arts programs or as a humanities major, your English and Reading scores can be higher. Step 5: Share Your Target Score As a last step, I suggest that you do two things with your score target: Share it with your parents. This will be a helpful conversation around your personal goals and how you want to achieve your target ACT score. Tape it to your wall. This will keep your goal in mind so that you can guide your studying powerfully. What to Do Next: Is the ACT easier than the SAT? Read to learn the details. Get a free guide to improving 4+ ACT points. Find out the best ACT test dates and build your personal testing schedule. Check out our online ACT prep program.We have a 4 point improvement guarantee - if you don't improve your score by 4 points, you get every penny of your money back. Plus, you get a 5-day free trial, so if you don't feel that it's helping you, you can cancel at any time.

HIgh frequency oscilatory ventilation in adults Research Paper

HIgh frequency oscilatory ventilation in adults - Research Paper Example From that time individuals have learnt that as much as mechanical ventilation is always lifesaving also it can be injurious, particularly in patients who suffer from ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome). ARDS may also lead to refractory hypoxemia that can always trigger attempting ventilation strategies that are nonconventional like use of prone positioning, nitric oxide or recruitment maneuvers. HFOV (high frequency oscillatory ventilation) has emerged to be a rescue strategy for ARDS adults. To add to that, as it injures the lung is no more than ventilation conventional modes it can also be preferably suited to apply early in acute respiratory distress syndrome. High frequency oscillatory ventilation fits in the range of high frequency modes of ventilation whose main concept is breaths delivery at low volumes of tides and high frequency modes of ventilation which are always beneath the anatomy dead space. The high frequency mode is generally divided into the ones in which expiratory stage is passive and the ones in which there is an active expiration. Examples of tools using passive expiration are positive pressure ventilation and jet ventilation of high frequency (Miller, pp.1446) During HFOV high airway and very minute volumes pressure are used to prevent injuries form over distention and repetition reopening and collapse of the atelectrauma (lung). This allows for optimization of exchange of gas and possibly reduces iatrogenic damage. Oscillate trial is a varied Centre RCT where the mature individuals with severe ARDS were indiscriminately attached to HFOV or to convectional strategy: high pressures were used for both groups to keep lung recruitment at its maximum. The basic result was the in hospital death rate from any source. The oscillatory was brought to a stop after five hundred and forty eight out of the planned one thousand two hundred patients had passed through randomization as the application of HFOV

Interpretation of contract indemnity provisions Essay

Interpretation of contract indemnity provisions - Essay Example Indemnity can be broadly defined as the promise to pay money; with one party to a contract making a promise to be responsible for any losses which are suffered by other parties to the contract and this occurs when there has been a breach of a contract or a warranty. In the event that one party suffers a loss, the other party may have provided a guarantee in the contract to make up for such losses and would then be obliged to make good the losses which have been suffered, whether through damages or any other kind of loss which occurs. These losses can be compensated in the form of cash payments, repairs or a replacement of the item that has been lost or damaged. This study proposes to examine how indemnity differs from warranties and exclusion contracts and how the manner in which the indemnity provisions are spelt out can influence the manner in which such provisions are interpreted. According to Parker and Slavich, an indemnity is a contract between two parties in which one party agrees to be liable for the losses or damage that are sustained by another party, whether the party is a signatory to the contract or a third party, on the basis of a specified act or a condition or the damage that results from a claim or a demand1. The purpose of a contractual indemnity is to ensure that the risk inherent in the performance of the contract is distributed among all the parties to the contract, although in reality, the net result will be based upon the relative bargaining power of the parties. One of the different forms of the indemnity provision in contracts is the survival provision, whereby the survival of representations, warranties and indemnities are limited to an agreed period of time from the execution of the contract. Another aspect of indemnity contracts are releases, i.e., releases of claims and liabilities Indemnity clauses are offered in

Freire as a Lens for The Bluest Eye and Enders Game Essay

Freire as a Lens for The Bluest Eye and Enders Game - Essay Example In another work of Orson Scott, Enders Game, we see characters missing their values in the futures for not considering their past events. All these pieces of literature depict characters that are not capable of comprehending and moving on without their past background or characters that are not able to lay away their own past. Paulo’s stimulating critique of the dominant education banking model leads to his autonomous proposals of problem-posing education in which men and women develop the power to observe the way they exist in their world critically with, and in which they get themselves in. They come to see later that the earth, not as a static realism but a reality of the process of transformation (Peter 201). This offers to us, and especially all of those who have experienced subordination through an obligatory assimilation policy a path in which we comprehend what it signifies to come to a cultural voice. It is a process always involving pain and hope; a process in which, as obligatory cultural jugglers, we can approach subjectivity, transcending entity positions in a society hosting us yet is alien. Paulo condemnation of oppression was not simply the intellectual exercise often found among many pseudo critical educators and facile liberals. His intellectual brilliancy and courage in denouncing the configurations of oppression got entrenched in an intensively real and material understanding, as he recounts in his letters to Cristina. Problem-posing education is a revolutionary futurity (Peter 34). Therefore, it is prophetic (and, by itself, hopeful). Hence, it matches up to the historical character of humankind. Hence, it asserts women and men as creatures who transcend themselves, for which immobility characterizes a fatal threat, creatures that move ahead and look forward. Looking at the past have only been a way of understanding further clearly who and what they are with the intention that they can more intelligently build the future. Thus, it id entifies with the faction which engages populace as beings conscious of their incompletion — a historical faction which has its point of a different approach, its objective and Subjects (Peter 59). All these views by Paulo are not looking to its present but only determined with the future of mankind. The future cannot be properly assessed without considering the present and past. The present life appears to be influenced significantly by the past, and the future influenced by the past and present. I am not sure if Orson Scott specifically wrote Ender's Game to a youth audience, or if it got colored as a book for teens due to the age of the protagonist. Often, it reads like a young adult title. There are some real tough ethical issues that present themselves, but even if they do not interest the reader, the story moves forward in a convincing way. The book works as an apparent reading, and as something heftier. In the future, aliens threaten the Earth, and though the earth won the round, it was not a quite reassuring victory. The military equipment is hard at work, trying to work out how to formulate the victory stable, how to protect the earth from the inevitable second round. In doing this, they turn to children. Their goal is to find children with the correct temperament and sufficient aptitude that they can be shaped into soldiers in a defense force that can win resolutely. Contrast to his siblings, who are

The Mid-Autumn Festival: History and Features

The Mid-Autumn Festival: History and Features Introduction The Mid-Autumn Festival also known as the Mooncake Festival or the Festival of Lanterns is one of the most important traditional Chinese festivals, celebrated by many Asian countries, like China, Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam, Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore. This report is divided into three main sections. It will first look at the history and legends of the Mid-Autumn Festival. It will then focus on the celebration in Taiwan. Then there will be a conclusion in the last part. The information of this report is come from website such as online library, university journal, and online news. In this report I will use the information which is from online library, and university journal to explain the background as these information is more trustable. The information from online news is used to explain the celebration in Taiwan because it reflects what we do and the meaning for us nowadays. History and legends of the Mid-Autumn Festival The everyday life of ancient Chinese is closely related to nature. In thousands of natural substances, the moon was one of the most difficult things and amazing phenomena for Chinese to comprehend. (Siu, 1999) Ancient Chinese believes that the life of plants was provided by the moon since they found out that plants grew at night. (Siu, 1999) In addition people could not explain why the shape of the moon always varied therefore ancient Chinese associated the phenomena to the lives of people and animals. (Siu, 1999) The Mid-Autumn Festival is on the 15th of the 8th lunar month and the moon is at its brightest, roundest and it is the nearest to the earth on this date. In fact autumn is also the best time for harvesting and gathering all the family members together to celebrate the harvest and enjoy the view of the moon. (Tan, 2004) The festival probably started off as a post-autumn harvest celebration more than 2,000 years ago. The celebrations were devoted to giving thanks to the gods. It was during the reign of Emperor Tai Tsung of the Song Dynasty that the 15th day of the 8th moon was set as the Mid-Autumn Festival and praying to the moon became popular. Legends associated with the full moon were later attached to this festival.  (Tan, 2004) There are two legends associated with the Mid-Autumn Festival. One of them is Hou Yi and Chang-E and the other one is the rabbit on the moon. (Tan, 2004) The legend of Hou Yi and Chang-E is talking about that the earth was saved from scorching by an archer, Hou Yi who shot nine suns that originally circled the earth. (Tan, 2004) After Hou Yi saved the world he was rewarded the elixir of life so that he got the endless lifetime with the elixir, however he became so tyrannical that his wife, Chang-E stole the elixir and drank it to end Hou Yis life for the sufferers who were ruled by Hou Yi. (Tan, 2004) Chang-E found that she was on the moon after she drank the elixir and was escalated to status of Moon Goddess as she save the sufferers from Hou Yi. (Tan, 2004) This legend is believed to have been started during the Tang Dynasty (618 907 AD) although some believe it may have started earlier, tracing it to the rule of Emperor Yuan (2346 BC). (Tan, 2004) The other legend is about a rabb it and Buddha who had pretended himself as a hungry old man and asked three animals; a fox, a monkey, and a rabbit, getting some food for him. (Tan, 2004) Instead of bringing a fish or fruits, the rabbit jumped into the fire and offered itself as meat to Buddha. (Tan, 2004) The rabbit was resurrected and sent to the moon to be venerated by Buddha with appreciation. (Tan, 2004) Nowadays Chang-E and lord rabbit are traditional icons of the Mid-Autumn Festival as we can see a lot of advertisement of moon cake with these two icons which remind us these two legends. The Mid-Autumn Festival celebration in Taiwan In Taiwan, there are three biggest celebrations; the Chinese New Year, the Dragon Boat Festival, and the Mid-Autumn Festival which is also called Zhong Qiu Jie in Mandarin. (Yeo, 2012) The Mid-Autumn Festival was brought to Taiwan by the immigrants from China. (Wang, 2014) Many Western concepts that include barbecue were imported into Taiwan during the period of the Japanese colonization of Taiwan by the Japanese government. (Wang, 2014) After 1945 a lot of people moved into the city for jobs from the countryside. On the Mid-Autumn Festival barbecue becomes to be the best way for these migrants to make the new relationship between the migrants closer because barbecue is an activity that needs everyones cooperation from lighting a fire, preparing the meat, and barbecuing. (Wang, 2014) Even nowadays on the Mid-Autumn Festival, most Taiwanese will barbecue with their friends since it is easier to meet up with friends on this Taiwan-declared public holiday instead of at weekdays. (Yeo, 2 012) Besides mooncakes is also very important on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This traditional dessert is usually packed as gift boxes which contain not only mooncakes but also other pastries such asluo buo si bing (radish pastry) and gui yuan dan gao (longan cake) to up the warmth of the festival. (Yeo, 2012) Conclusion As one of the most important traditional festival in Chinese, the Mid-Autumn Festival is full of historical and cultural meaning. In addition it gives people a chance to meet up with friends and families to enjoy the beautiful view of the brightest moon and delicious barbecue and mooncakes in this busy society. The round image of the moon and its cultural meaning of reunion make us cherish the time of gathering. Even though not everyone can get together with their friends and families especially for those people who are working or studying in foreign countries, the Mid-Autumn Festival still reminds these people to send their friends and families a massage to show how they miss each other. Reference list Siu, K.W.M. (1999). Lanterns of the Mid-Autumn Festival: A Reflection of Hong Kong Cultural Change (pp. 67).Retrieved from Wiley Online Library. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0022-3840.1999.3302_67.x/abstract Tan, B. (2004). Mooncake Festival (Zhong Qiu Jie). Retrieved from National Library Board Singapore. http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_804_2005-01-13.html Yeo, J. (2012, September 20). Traditional BBQ for Mid-Autumn Festival ? Yahoo Lifestyle. Retrieved from https://sg.style.yahoo.com/news/traditional-bbq-mid-autumn-festival-132534304.html Wang, C. (2014). The Barbecue in Moon Festival: Discussing the Social Change of Moon Festival Activities (pp.93-110). Retrieved from Chung Hsing Journal Humanities Edition. http://ir.lib.nchu.edu.tw/bitstream/11455/88022/1/85470-3.pdf